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Introduction

Ghana is notable for being the first African country to achieve independence from the British. Ghanaian officials acknowledged this remarkable transformation by renaming the region after a famous indigenous culture of the past. Ghanaians have kept their civilisation free of severe internal strife while continuing to develop their huge natural, human, and cultural resources. In terms of geographical position. Ghana is located on Africa’s west coast, about midway between Senegal and Cameroon. Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Burkina Faso, Togo, and the Atlantic Ocean are its borders.

Ghana’s official language is English, which dates to the country’s colonial period. It serves as the country’s official and instructional language. Akan, the most spoken language, has achieved the status of de facto national language. In addition to the large number of native speakers, many members of other tribes learn Akan as a second language and use it effectively for intergroup communication. The next two most popular languages are Ga-Adangme, Ewe, and Hausa. Many Ghanaians are multilingual, speaking one or more indigenous languages in addition to their language and English.

Despite its varied roots and arbitrary borders, Ghana has achieved a small level of national unity. British rule brought a variety of unifying influences, including the use of English as a national language and the establishment of a core of political, economic, and social institutions. Since independence, Ghanaian officials have enhanced national integration, particularly by expanding the educational system and reducing regional inequities. The second category of common traditions is derived from indigenous cultures, including the spread of Akan institutions and symbols to neighbouring populations.

Ghana Ethnic Groups

Ghana’s ethnic groupings are diverse and abundant. Each has its own distinct, traditional dance, many of which are performed at key occasions such as weddings. Funerals in Ghana are also full of dance, not to mention the most important festivals and traditional Ghanaian traditions.

You’ll discover more about the ethnic group and the history of the dance.

Traditional dances in Ghana

• The Adowa Dance – Akans
• Agbadza Dance – Ewe
• Bamaya Dance – Dagbamba
• Kple Dance – Ga Dangme
• Apatampa Dance – Fanti
• Kpanlogo Dance – Ga
• Kpanaliumni – Gonja
• Kete Dance – Asante
• Kundum Dance – Nzema
• Borbor Dance – Volta
• Pogne Dance – Fra Fra

The Adowa Dance

The Akan people, one of West Africa’s main ethnic groups and the largest in Ghana, perform the Adowa Dance.

This is one of Ghana’s most popular dances, and you will most likely see it at a funeral, engagement ceremony, or celebration. It is performed to communicate emotions and feelings through the use of one’s feet and hands. The hand movements differ depending on whether the feeling is favourable or negative.

In the Akan language, “Adowa” means “antelope.” The dance seeks to emulate the movement of the animal, which is why it is called that. You may question why an antelope.

 Agbadza Dance

The Ewe tribe in Ghana’s Volta Region performs the Agbadza dance. This traditional dance features a slow movement and a quick movement. During the gradual movement, the arms travel back and forth while stretched downward. In the quicker movement, the arms flap to the side with elbows extended.

However, it began during the war era, specifically the Atrikpui. During that time, Atrikpui was only performed when a fight ended, to welcome and honour the men returning home.